Guides
Short, practical explanations of the problems these tools help with. Examples are checked against real runtimes.
- How to Debug API Responses: A Practical Workflow
A step-by-step workflow for failing API calls: status codes, headers, HTML-instead-of-JSON errors, response diffs, JWTs, timestamps and URL encoding.
Updated
- How to Compare Two JSON Files (and What Counts as a Difference)
Why text diffs mislead for JSON, how key order, array order, null and type changes should be treated, and how to compare JSON with jq, Node.js and Python.
Updated
- URL Encoding Explained with Practical Examples
How percent-encoding works, encodeURIComponent vs encodeURI, plus signs vs %20, double encoding and decoding errors, with tested JavaScript, Python and curl examples.
Updated
- JWT Decoding vs. Signature Verification
Why anyone can read a JWT, what decoding does and does not prove, and how servers should actually verify tokens.
Updated
- Common JSON Syntax Errors and How to Fix Them
Trailing commas, single quotes, unquoted keys, raw line breaks and other mistakes that make JSON.parse fail, with fixes.
Updated
- Unix Timestamps Explained: Seconds, Milliseconds and Time Zones
What epoch time is, how to tell seconds from milliseconds, and how to convert timestamps to UTC correctly in common languages.
Updated